The status quo and development trend of offset printing machine
The level of imported sheetfed offset presses took a big step forward in the 1990s. mainly reflects in:
1) The printing speed is increased to 15,000 sheets/hour.
2) Due to the improvement of the automatic control level, the pre-adjustment time before printing is greatly shortened. The original pre-adjustment time is usually about 2 hours, but now it can be reduced to 15 minutes;
3) The degree of automation is greatly improved, and the entire printing machine operation and the operating system can be fully automated from paper handling to printing.
The future development trend of the printing machine is still the integration of machine, electricity, light and sound, and finally realize full automation.
Classification of sheetfed offset presses
1. Classified by purpose. Can be divided into printing paper offset press, proofing offset press, printing offset press and so on.
2. Classified by printing color number. Can be divided into monochrome, two-color, four-color, five-color offset presses.
3. Sort by paper size. Can be divided into small full sheet, full sheet, split, four open, eight open offset press.
4. Classified according to the printed surface of the printed product. Can be divided into single-sided printing and double-sided offset printing presses.
Offset printing machine
3.1 The composition of the offset printing machine The offset printing machine consists of three parts: paper feeding, printing and delivery. The transmission device drives the coordinated movement of all parts.
The basic composition of the offset press and the name of each part
1) Paper feeding section: Its function is to stack paper for printing and transport it separately to the printing section. It mainly consists of paper separation, paper feeding table, paper transfer, automatic control mechanism and pneumatic system.
2), printing part: its function is to print the substrate, mainly consisting of positioning, wetting, inking and imprinting devices.
3), delivery section: its function is to collect and stack the printed paper. It mainly consists of a paper delivery chain, a paper, a paper stacking mechanism and a dustproof dusting device.
The name of the offset press part
1), paper feeding end: the entrance end of the paper.
2), delivery end: the exit end of the paper.
3) Operation side: Refers to the side where the machine is operated. There is a main operation panel, etc., usually on the left side from the paper feeding end to the delivery end.
4), drive side: the side opposite to the operating side. There are transmission motors, transmission gears, etc.
Offset printing machine panel
The operation panel is mounted on the offset press. The buttons (buttons) on the operation panel vary depending on the manufacturer, model, and degree of automation. However, the basic function keys are generally identical, as described below.
The operation panel is generally divided into a main operation panel and a sub operation panel.
5.1 Main operation panel: The main control device for concentrating the whole machine button is set at the operation side feeding plate. Mainly: electric bell, positive and negative jog, operation, running stop, paper feed, paper feed stop, paper feed pump, delivery air pump, pressure, stop (lock) and other buttons.
5.2. Sub-operation panel: There are multiple, set in different parts.
(1), paper feeding part: mainly used to control the lifting and lowering of the paper feeding table. There are paper piles and paper piles.
(2), each group of printing drum parts: one on each side; the next on the paper board. Mainly used for dismantling plates, blankets, controlling water supply, ink supply, etc. There are buttons for electric bell, positive and negative jog, stop (lock), ink on, ink stop, water on, water stop, etc.
(3) Receiving parts: It is mainly used to control the lifting and lowering of the delivery section of the delivery section, as well as emergency parking, stop feeding and other operations, and timely control the production process. There are stop (lock) machine, electric bell, positive and negative jog, paper feed stop, running stop, delivery air pump, paper stack up, down, counting switch, fault detection light, etc.
Offset safety device
In order to prevent accidents and ensure the safety of operators and machines, there are generally corresponding safety devices on the offset press. Commonly used are the following:
6.1. Protective cover: Sealing cover is installed on the outer side of the wall surface on both the operating surface and the transmission surface; between the chain drive, the belt transmission part, the front end of the delivery part, the plate cylinder and the blanket cylinder, the water roller and the ink roller, etc. They are all equipped with a protective cover. The main function is to protect the safety of the operator; to ensure the accuracy and lubrication of the machine transmission; to prevent foreign matter from entering.
6.2. “Stop Lock†switch: On the main and auxiliary operation panels of the offset printing machine, there is generally a “stop lock†switch for the operator to use when necessary. After the lock is stopped, all the buttons will not work except the “bellâ€. At this time, even if the “bell†is pressed, the machine will not start. After releasing the lock, press the “bell†to start the machine normally. Heidelberg's electromechanical bell and jog key are combined into one.
6.3. Safety bar: It is set between the plate cylinder and the rubber roller. Its function is to protect the safety of the operator. Once the operator accidentally rolls the cloth, clothes and fingers into the machine, the safety bar can be moved clockwise to cut off the power. To stop the machine from turning. In addition, a safety bar is also provided at the front edge of the front edge of the paperboard to prevent accidents caused by multiple sheets of paper and foreign matter on the paper entering the drum during the paper feeding process.
6.4. Paper stack lifting safety protection device: The paper feeding table and the paper receiving table are provided with limit switches for controlling the stacking and lowering of the stacking paper, and the control paper stack is within the required range.
6.5, empty sheet and double sheet detector: The empty sheet detector is set at the front gauge to detect whether the sheet is empty, skewed and not in place. The double sheet controller is placed on the paper feed roller (or tape roller) of the paper feed unit to prevent more than two sheets of paper from being fed into the printing unit.
When an empty sheet, tensor or double sheet feeding failure occurs, the empty sheet or double sheet controller immediately sends a signal, and the interlock mechanism acts to stop the paper feeding, the drum is pressed away, and the inking roller and the plate cylinder are separated. The water fountain roller stops rotating, the ink transfer roller and the roller are separated, the counting device stops counting, and the main motor is reduced to a series of chain reactions such as low speed.
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