Working principle and application of high pressure homogenizer
Working principle and characteristics 1. High-pressure homogenizer with high-pressure reciprocating pump (please click here for the principle of reciprocating pump) as power transmission and material conveying mechanism, conveying material to working valve (primary homogenizing valve and secondary emulsifying valve) )section. The material to be treated, during the process of passing through the working valve, generates strong shear, impact and cavitation under high pressure, so that the liquid substance or the liquid-supported solid particles are ultra-fine.
2. Schematic diagram of working valve principle and principle of particle refinement:
Figure 2: Material is delivered to the working valve inlet Figure 3: Material continues to pass the first level
(has not passed the working valve) Homogenizing valve and secondary emulsification valve
As shown in Fig. 2, when the material has not passed the working valve, the valve core and the valve seat of the first-stage homogenizing valve and the second-stage emulsification valve are closely attached together under the action of the forces F1 and F2. When the material passes through the working valve (as shown in Figure 3), both the spool and the valve seat are forced to squeeze a slit by the material, and pressures P1 and P2 are generated to balance the forces F1 and F2, respectively. When the material passes through the first-stage homogenizing valve (No. 1, 2, 3), the pressure drops from P1 to P2, which is composed of the valve core, the valve seat and the impact ring as the pressure energy is suddenly released. The strong cavitation effect similar to the explosion effect in the narrow area, accompanied by the shearing action of the material through the slit between the valve core and the valve seat and the high-speed impact of the impact with the impact ring, so strongly combined Thereby, the particles are ultra-fine. In general, the pressure of P2 (ie, the emulsification pressure) is adjusted very low, and the role of the secondary emulsification valve is mainly to make the particles that have been refined more evenly distributed. According to the information of the American company Gaulin, in most cases, the first-stage homogenizing valve can be used to obtain the desired effect.
3. Compared with centrifugal dispersing emulsification equipment (such as colloid mill, high shear mixing emulsifier, etc.), the characteristics of high pressure homogenizer are: 1) The refining effect is more intense. This is because the valve spool and the valve seat of the working valve are in close contact with each other in the initial position, but only a slit is forcibly extruded by the liquid during operation; and the high speed is satisfied between the rotating stators of the centrifugal emulsification device. Rotating and not generating too much heat, there must be a large gap (relative to the homogenizing valve); at the same time, since the transmission mechanism of the homogenizer is a volumetric reciprocating pump, in theory, the homogenizing pressure can be unlimited The ground is raised, and the higher the pressure, the better the refinement effect. 2) The refinement of the homogenizer mainly utilizes the interaction between the materials, so the calorific value of the material is small, so that the performance of the material can be kept substantially unchanged. 3) The homogenizing function can quantitatively transport the material because it relies on the reciprocating pump to feed. 4) The homogenizer consumes a lot of energy. 5) The homogenizer has more wearing parts and a large maintenance workload, especially under high pressure. 6) The homogenizer is not suitable for high viscosity conditions.
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