Heng Oude teaches you how to buy Gauss meter and precautions
The Gauss meter is a static or dynamic (AC) magnetic induction that measures the object at a point in space. It is a Hall sensor (higher precision selectable fluxgate sensor). The magnetic field passes through the object to generate current and voltage, and the main device displays Magnetic induction.
The Gauss meter needs to be able to measure the constant magnetic field, the DC magnetic field and the AC magnetic field and the pulsed magnetic field. At the same time, because the smart manufacturing development of the Gauss meter needs to be able to interact with the automation equipment, 485 communication and switching ports, analog signal ports become a must.
Nowadays, with the advancement of design technology, the market gaussmeter has been transformed from the original analog circuit into the STC single-chip design. In recent years, with the enhancement of the Gauss meter function, the complexity of the internal program has also increased. The smart Gauss meter with a 32-bit ARM microcontroller from the Cortex-M3 was introduced. The sampling speed and program stability are improved.
Selection criteria
The selection of the Gauss meter should start with the measurement object, considering the following aspects:
a. Magnetic field type: The magnetic field is divided into DC magnetic field and AC magnetic field. The magnetic field strength of permanent magnet material should be measured by DC Gauss meter;
b. Instrument range: specify the approximate magnetic field range of the measured object, and the range of the selected instrument should be greater than the measured magnetic field;
c, measurement accuracy: refers to the resolution of the instrument, such as the resolution is 1Gs or 0.1Gs;
d. Probe selection: Usually the test probes of the instrument manufacturers have different specifications to meet various test requirements. The measurement of surface magnetic field strength usually does not need to consider the probe specifications.
1 Air gap magnetic field measurement: Consider the size of the probe. If the probe size is larger than the measured air gap, it will not enter the air gap to be tested, so it cannot be used.
2 Probe direction selection: The probe direction is divided into two types: lateral direction and axial direction. When the probe is selected, the user should select the adapted probe according to the object to be tested.
3 probe connection line: The length of the probe cable of the instrument manufacturer is usually fixed. If there are special measurement requirements, when the probe line needs to be extended or shortened, it should be submitted to the manufacturer. Gauss meter
e. Power supply mode: The desktop Gauss meter is usually powered by AC 220V, and the portable Gauss meter is powered by battery.
f, function selection
1 regular function: polarity judgment, maximum value lock, etc.;
2 portability: For outdoor operation or on-site measurement, you can choose a portable gauss meter (portable) with good portability. These instruments are small in size, light in weight and battery-powered;
3 rapid measurement of the production line: the instrument has upper and lower limit settings and alarm function;
4 AC magnetic field measurement: used to measure the intensity of low frequency ( 1 - 400Hz) alternating magnetic field
Distinguish from Tesla
In the CGS unit system, the unit of magnetic induction is Gauss, so it is called Gauss meter. In the SI unit system, the unit of magnetic induction is Tesla, so it is called Tesla.
The relationship is: 1T (Tesla) = 1000mT (mtes Tesla) = 10000Gs (Gauss)
The essence of the two is a thing, but the unit of measurement is different. The Tesla unit is too large. Generally, the millitesla unit is used. Many people like to use Gauss units, and it feels intuitive.
application
Gauss meters are generally instruments used to test the magnetic flux of some magnetic materials. In order to better choose the right product, we need to know which are hard magnetic materials and which are soft magnetic materials?
Gauss meter test object 1: hard magnetic material
Permanent magnet functional materials are often called permanent magnet materials, also known as hard magnetic materials, while soft magnetic functional materials are often called soft magnetic materials. Hard and soft here do not mean hard and soft mechanical properties, but rather hard and soft magnetic properties.
1. Magnetic hard means that the magnetic material retains its strong magnetic properties (referred to as magnetic properties) for a long time after being magnetized by an external magnetic field, which is characterized by high coercive force (coercive magnetic field). The coercive force is the magnetic field strength at which the magnetic material is magnetized and then demagnetized to reduce the residual magnetic force (remaining magnetic flux density or residual magnetization) to zero.
2. Soft magnetic material is a magnetic material which is easy to magnetize and has demagnetization, that is, a low coercive force. Demagnetization refers to a magnetic field in which a magnetic field is magnetized after a magnetic field (called a magnetization field) is applied, and a magnetic field opposite to the direction of the magnetization field is added to reduce the magnetic properties.
Gauss meter object - commonly used permanent magnet materials have four main magnetic properties:
(1) High maximum magnetic energy product. The maximum magnetic energy product [symbol (BH)m] is a measure of the storage capacity per unit volume of the permanent magnet material and the maximum magnetic energy density available;
(2) High coercivity (magnetic) force. Coercivity [symbol (H)c] is a measure by which a permanent magnet material resists magnetic and non-magnetic interference while maintaining its permanent magnetism;
(3) High residual magnetic flux density (symbol of Br) and high residual magnetization (symbol of Mr). They are a measure of the strength of the magnetic field in the air gap of a permanent magnetic material having an air gap;
(4) High stability, that is, high stability of external disturbance magnetic field and changes in environmental factors such as temperature and vibration.
Precautions
One: Gauss meter usage method
1. Connect the Hall head and the instrument
2. Power on: Press the POWER button to turn on the power.
3. Press the red button to select the corresponding range.
4. Zero proofreading: Use a flat-blade screwdriver to adjust the "zeroing" on the back of the instrument.
5. Magnetic field test in millitesla. The "-" is displayed and the probe is facing the N pole.
6. The red button is the range, which is 2000mT when pressed, otherwise it is 200mT.
7. The Hall chip is used to contact the surface of the magnetic steel during the measurement. The test result is close to the actual value, and the test result is low with the substrate surface measurement.
Two: instrument calibration
Place the Hall head in a standard magnetic field and use a flat-blade screwdriver to adjust the "calibration" potentiometer on the back of the instrument until it matches the standard magnetic field.
principle
Gauss meters are almost all based on the Hall effect principle for magnetic field measurement, using Hall sensors as magnetic sensing elements. Users may find such problems, even at the same point, using different types of probes will produce different measurements. This is not a measurement error, but a result of the difference in the size of the Hall sensor and the position error of the assembly. According to different needs, it is especially important to correctly select the Gauss meter and the corresponding Hall probe.
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