Study on Fresh-keeping Packaging Technology of Fresh Cut Flowers

In terms of packaging technology, what is packaging? Different countries have different opinions, but the basic concepts and meanings are the same. The American Association for the United States explained that "packaging is an act of preparation for the transportation and sale of products"; British Standards Association believes that "packaging is an artistic, scientific, and technical preparation for the transportation and sale of goods"; the Japanese Packaging Dictionary In the explanation, “Packaging is the use of appropriate materials and containers and the application of technology to make the product safe to the destination. That is, the product can protect its content and maintain the value of the product in the process of transportation and storage”; Chinese standard stipulates that “the packaging is The overall name of the containers, materials and aids used to protect the product during circulation, facilitate storage and transportation, promote sales, use certain technical methods, etc. It also refers to the process of applying containers, materials, and aids to achieve the above purpose. Certain technical methods and other operational activities.” To achieve this goal, it must use appropriate materials, certain scientific techniques and artistic means, that is, not only from the technical point of industrial packaging, but also from the needs of commercial packaging, so that Packaging can protect goods, facilitate storage and transportation, and promote sales.
In the past, in the fresh-keeping technology of fresh cut flowers, the packaging itself was just a simple container.
It belongs to the support technology category. In this sense, packaging only serves the functions of protecting cut flowers and decorating brands. With modern and deeper research and development on fresh cut flower preservation technology, including the methods of cutting and wilting of fresh cut flowers and the measures taken, the packaging technology has also been researched and developed accordingly, so in the sense of modern technology, fresh cut flowers The fresh-keeping packaging technology is also infiltrated and integrated into a series of fresh-keeping technologies such as fresh-keeping technology, temperature control, environmental control, and support technology for fresh cut flowers. Therefore, the connotation of fresh-keeping packaging has been expanded and the extension has been further extended. Fresh-keeping packaging technology has become a major aspect and needs to be tackled.
Fresh cut flowers are the most delicate and most resistant to storage and transportation in economic crops. Fresh cut flowers have to undergo post-harvest handling, handling, transportation, storage, shelf placement, sales, and other indispensable aspects. How to minimize the loss of cut flowers and maintain the vividness of fresh cut flowers in these processes and links? Degree is an important issue facing flower producers, operators and researchers.
At present, in the post-processing of fresh cut flowers, various methods of fresh-keeping have matured. Only the problems of fresh-keeping, packaging standards and types of packaging have not been completely solved. Therefore, fresh-cut flowers still have the problem of fresh-keeping packaging. High research value and development significance.
First, the fresh cut flower packaging technology and principles Modern packaging has formed a complete industrial system that uses advanced technology, materials and equipment to complete automated production, and has also developed into an indispensable and important component in modern commodity production, storage and transportation, sales and people's daily lives. section. The packaging of fresh cut flowers is a special application aspect of commodity packaging. It not only complies with the general requirements of packaging technology, but also puts forward its own special needs according to the commodity characteristics of fresh cut flowers. For fresh cut flower packaging, it must also meet and possess the following three major packaging features.
1. Protection function Protection is the most important and important function of fresh cut flower packaging. Fresh cut flower products from the time of leaving the production site until the sale, in the distribution process through the time, storage, and many other aspects of handling, during this period, fresh cut flowers must be able to prevent withered, anti-squeeze, extend life , anti-pollution, anti-bacterial, anti-light,
Protection against oxidation, heat (or cooling), breakage, etc. According to the nature, shape, physical and chemical properties of fresh cut flowers, the design of protective functions and other commodities should also be different.
2. Convenient functions Convenient functions mainly include fresh cut flowers for convenient sales, convenient consumption, convenient production, convenient storage and transportation,
The specific requirements and manifestations of cost economy and other aspects. The output of fresh cut flowers in Yunnan reached 1.1 billion in 1999.
It is the largest province in China for fresh cut flowers. Its sales are mainly air transport, supplemented by rail transportation, and road transport is a supplement. In 1998, the cargo volume reached 9,830 tons, 90% were sent to more than 40 large and medium-sized cities in the country, and 10% were exported to East Asia, Southeast Asia and other countries and regions. Therefore, convenience functions must firstly embody the functions of convenient transport.
3. Communication Function Packaging is the medium for conveying product information. It takes on the functions of conveying information on fresh flowers, flower images, product brands, properties, capacity, usage methods, and production companies.
The communication of commodity information is also a major function of fresh cut flower packaging. It enables people to clearly identify fresh cut flowers, which can be reflected in the visual communication of containers, decoration, image, color, and text. The packaging of corrugated cartons or composite honeycomb structure cartons also requires clear commercial information.
Fresh cut flower packaging also takes products as the core, from collecting and processing products, preparing packaging materials and containers, completing packages, and then through the process of warehousing, transportation, distribution, sales and other commodity circulation, and finally reach the hands of users and consumers. Therefore, fresh cut flower packaging is also a comprehensive system that involves a wide range of aspects.
Second, the main cutting-flower packaging technology research issues 1. The early stage of work, including fresh cut flowers packaging materials and containers for research, supply and so on.
2. The main work stages include the processing, forming, filling, sealing, wrapping, metering, tying, labeling, etc. of fresh cut flowers.
3. Late stage work includes stacking, storage and transportation.
Fresh cut flower packaging technology is to study the mechanism, principle, process and operation method of the technology used in the above three stages. Regarding the nature, characteristics and shape of fresh cut flowers, the choice of packaging methods and methods is directly related to the quality of cut flower products, and it also means whether the packaging is successful.
The packaging technology of fresh cut flowers involves various fields such as arts, science and technology, economy and trade.
It is a comprehensive application technology that spans across disciplines and industries. Therefore, the choice of packaging technology for fresh cut flowers,
Research and development applications should follow the principles of science, economy, solidity, beauty, and application, taking into account all aspects. It mainly includes the study of the nature and form of fresh cut flowers, the external environmental conditions, the choice of packaging materials, packaging containers and packaging machinery, economic factors, and related standards, regulations, and habits of various countries, regions, etc. Create one or a series of scientific, applicable, beautiful, and economical fresh cut flowers.
Third, the fresh cut flowers fresh packaging research summary Self-provided fresh cut flower products, the cut flower packaging problem has not attracted enough attention in a very long time, so fresh cut flowers fresh packaging research was mainly in recent decades to get Big progress. In the field of research in this area, the progress and level in foreign countries and the results are more advanced than those in the country. Looking at the overview of fresh-cut packaging research, we can draw major conclusions from the following aspects of analysis.
1. Packaging Aspects Corrugated cartons are an important category of packaging containers. In a broad sense, corrugated cartons are already basically mature in packaging. It has become the main packaging form for many items and has acquired successful experience. However, in fresh cut flower fresh-keeping packaging, due to the nature of the cut flower products, many demands are still put on the corrugated box itself. Therefore, in the research of cut flower fresh-keeping packaging, research on corrugated paper boxes is unavoidable. Kexin wants to have:
(1) Three-dimensional form of appearance: The shape and barrel shape The basic type is the box type, and the barrel type is mainly used for packing flowers that can only stand upright, such as snapdragon,
Gypsophila, Gladiolus and other cut flowers.
(2) Corrugated box type: general type and functional type The general type full-paper corrugated type has gradually been replaced by a functional, composite paper type.
2. Packaging materials Fresh-cut fresh-keeping packaging has high research value in terms of packaging materials. Due to the conditions and requirements of cut flowers, the improvement and research of packaging materials is a common focus. At present, there have been many advances in the research of materials, which are summarized in the following aspects.
(1) Fresh-keeping corrugated cartons There are currently four types of fresh-keeping corrugated cartons that have been developed abroad:
1PE sandwich type: It is the PE cling film sandwiched between the inner and outer core of corrugated cardboard.
2 laminated type: It is the preservation of the (agent) and aluminum film pressed onto the cardboard inner and outer core paper.
3 Combination: It is a combination of plastic film and corrugated cardboard.
4 Hybrid type: It is obtained by adding ethylene gas-absorbing powder to the paper pulp during the papermaking process and forming the corrugated paper.
(2) The distribution function of the packaging box can be divided into the following five basic types.
The main mechanism of the 1 plastic layer corrugated carton is: insert plastic film into the corrugated paper base paper, use the gas barrier property of the plastic film layer, coupled with the respiration of the cut flower, ensure the low oxygen, high humidity and High concentration of oxygen
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