NFC technology is not a new product. More than a decade ago, near-field communication technology has been widely used in handheld terminals in neighboring countries such as Japan and South Korea. In 2013, China Mobile once cooperated with Beijing Public Transport Corporation to launch NFC mobile phones, instead of brushing bus cards, in order to reduce travel expenses and make it more convenient. After that, China Telecom once again followed suit, and different operators generated disputes over application standards, and NFC mobile phones have not yet become popular.
At present, the mainstream online payment technologies in China include voiceprint payment (paypal face-to-face payment), fingerprint payment, scan code payment, transfer payment, etc. Various payment methods are becoming more and more convenient, and seamlessly connected with online and offline shopping platforms. Limited to physical distance, terminal type, operating system, etc., greatly reducing the payment time and process, such as the past cumbersome input password, verification code and other steps, are completed in a sweep. The popularity of 4G has achieved technical support in terms of traffic and network speed, enabling multiple payment methods to be implemented.
Compared with this, the NFC payment that has been started more than ten years ago is even slower than that of the QR code scanning payment method that was developed by China. Since its birth in 2012, it has not been more than three years. The popularity of scanning code payment has been rapid, and the promotion has exceeded the expectations of many payment platforms. Moreover, its application range is not only paid, promotion, attention, etc., as long as the mobile phone camera can be used to perform related operations, simple and efficient.
Emerging payment methods have opened up traditional payment barriers between merchants and consumers. The high-intensity promotion has enabled users to rely on their habits and dependencies, forming a stable and large user base.
Habits have been formed and NFC payments are difficult.
With Apple's launch of Apple Pay based on NFC technology, NFC technology seems to have a return trend. However, in the Chinese market, the cooperation between Apple and UnionPay has not begun, and the attempt to start offline payment based on online platform has not ended. Today, NFC payments are excluded by many mobile phone manufacturers, and it is still difficult for NFC technology to enter the domestic payment market.
Sinan Guanwei believes that there are disadvantages in both the industrial chain and the end consumption.
Industry chain
The upstream of NFC technology is composed of complex chip suppliers. When this technology is added, the production cost of mobile phone manufacturers will increase;
In addition to upstream chip suppliers, mobile phone manufacturers must simultaneously integrate multiple collaborations between UnionPay, merchants and mobile phone consumers. The industry chain is too long. Since 4G, mobile phone prices have been lower and lower, hardware costs are on the verge of risk, and other Uncertain links, greater risks, and more difficult to control costs;
UnionPay is required to provide terminal payment equipment support, and UnionPay needs to increase investment of about 500 yuan per POS terminal, which consumes a large amount of funds;
In view of the above various risks and costs, NFC technology can only dilute costs if it is applied to medium and high-end mobile phones. Apple and Samsung have a considerable sales volume, which is an important way to promote NFC technology, but its cooperation in UnionPay and online shopping platforms has stagnated. Domestic mainstream brands, only Huawei has the ability and appeal to join this function in high-end mobile phones, but it does not have the need to take the multi-industry chain of integrated payment.
2. End consumer
Android users use NFC to pay, users need to change cards, change phones, in the process of changing cards, users have to bear the risk of privacy leakage, the various information in the card can be copied away at any time, users worry ;
Compared with the bus card that only needs to pay a deposit of 20 yuan, the cost of changing the machine for thousands of dollars is only for the NFC payment function, which is more difficult for consumers to accept;
It takes time and effort to change cards, and there are not many models that support NFC. There are few options, and the business hall that can change cards is limited. It takes only one minute to apply for a bus card.
In addition to the risk of information leakage, it has been developed for more than ten years, the technology is solidified, the threshold is low, and there are security risks of theft. As long as the card reader can easily interact, the user may be repeatedly brushed without knowing it. Take the balance;
NFC technology requires the signal transmitting end and the receiving end to be used at the same time, and can only be operated at a close distance to realize payment, and has requirements for environment, time, physical distance, and operating posture. Other mainstream payment methods do not have this limitation. For example, if you scan the QR code, you can use the camera and scan code application on the mobile phone to read the QR code regardless of the medium.
Due to the strong investment and popularization of QR code scanning code payment in the past three years, users have formed operational habits, and their acceptance and usage rate are stable.
NFC technology has too many restrictions on terminals and scenarios, and consumers have to pay a lot of cost if they use this technology, which should be the biggest obstacle to their popularity.
NFC technology can't reach online payment, but the current offline payment method is still based on network support and needs to be completed online. In the near-field payment scenario, NFC has the advantage of offline payment. If you want to popularize, you should find killer application scenarios, such as extensive application on bus cards and bank cards, and establish cooperation with public transportation, subway, UnionPay and merchants.
Reduce the difficulty and risk of using NFC technology and change the way of using NFC. If a mobile phone containing NFC technology is placed in an ATM machine, the related financial business can be started to operate, rather than directly by brushing the mobile phone. The safety and near-field timeliness of NFC technology can be maximized and applied.
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