So how does a real color management system work? Why does the printing industry need it? Simply put, at a certain point, in the future we must completely change the printing work from a handicraft to an automated process. In order to survive, it has to compete with other information or image processing industries and survive. This transformation will not happen soon. Experts predict that in the next 30 years, the printing industry will undergo huge changes, and the real transformation will begin in 2010. If the expert's judgment is wrong, it is only a matter of time. However, this change is bound to happen, and it is a huge change, so all printing companies must consider, plan and implement from now on, hoping to adapt to the real transformation of the printing industry in less than 10 years.
The future printing house is characterized by including full process control and quality inspection specifications. In terms of process control, the factory will automatically realize paper ink input from one end, and printed products output from the other end. All aspects of the printing process will be controlled by automatic feedback chains in the form of printing density / dot expansion / registration measurement. Its sole purpose is to achieve a stable and consistent production process at high output, which is not related to how to define the image replication process.
Production scheduling will be completed by a CIM (Computer Integrated Manufacturing) system that uses CIP4 technology, which is an international cooperation for the integration of pre-press, printing and post-press processes. CIM can use process variables to meet customer needs and determine efficient and stable production scheduling plans on the basis of constant changes. At that time, the responsibility of the printing operator will be to monitor the feedback information, ensure that the printing equipment correctly compensates for changes in the production process, and maintain stable printing quality.
At that time, the printing quality will be determined. The customer creates an image on the monitor, performs color management for the given job and the specified ink and paper type, and achieves the desired print quality. This can in turn determine the price of the printed product when selecting different papers and inks. From this point of view, every link in the production process is controlled by metrics to achieve visual consistency.
Customers do not need to understand the printing process, and printing technicians are not blindly explaining customer requirements. Their job is to control the printing process, which is a harder job than restoring the original. They will also work with the developers of the color management system to better define the correct measurement values ​​for the visual matching of colors.
Now the chapter of CGATS (American Printing Technology Standards Committee) has begun to try to quantitatively match the quality with color scale and tolerance value. Although the system variables are still very complicated, they have taken a step after all. They started with the SWOP confirmed process, which is visual, but includes TR001 measurement enamel, which can now be quantitatively compared with the visual results.
In addition to these efforts, the "IPA Report" mentioned that other groups are also working towards the same ultimate goal, linking visual and quantitative matches. This is a goal that can certainly be achieved. So where is the press operator in this? The final work tasks have been described before, but the process is not described. First of all, they should understand the factors that affect the stability of the printing press, and find the "best point" for their printing equipment, that is, the most stable set of printing conditions during printing.
It is very necessary to find the maximum printing color gamut conditions of the printing press, that is, use the specified ink and paper type to print the most abundant colors under certain conditions. But if some concepts have an adverse effect on the stability of printing, it is not a necessary factor, such as balance and scale replication. As long as the printing press can print the correct color gamut steadily, the input scale copy on the printing plate can achieve the correct balance after color management.
The first two GRACOL feature printing attempts are a good example, and have brought many positive effects to changing the role of the press operator. It was completed by two very good printing houses, and the goal was "only" to increase the printing density and tone of the test strips (dot expansion).
It is very necessary to measure the density value and dot expansion value of the entire printing plate at the beginning, instead of measuring only one side of the printing plate, and the tolerance is also very strict. The density error of ± a dot and the dot expansion of one dot . The conditions are very harsh, the purpose is to achieve density values ​​and achieve stable printing. If necessary, CTP (Computer Direct Printing Plate) equipment can be used to compensate the expanded value of the outlets.
In both cases, it is not necessary to find a way to compensate for the expansion of the network. When looking at the entire printed sample, we found that there were many changes that were unacceptable for our purposes. Obviously, the color of the color mark at the same position on a printed sheet is stable, but it is inevitable related to the printing variables that occur within the job. Since they always print images and only use measured values ​​to start production, this has not affected their printing activities in the past, but as soon as these values ​​became target values, the entire production process changed.
After some experiments and tests, it was found that the closer the printing density and the dot expansion target value specified by GRACOL, the more uniform and consistent the printing ink color.
Studies have shown that changing conditions run through the entire printing cycle. Even if these changes are controlled, the printing process will be affected to a certain extent. The only way to achieve uniform printing ink color is to establish printing process standards Run for a period of time without interference. In other words, printing can become a process, and it is a process that achieves uniform replication with stable operation under a higher dot expansion process. Obviously, the ink layer on the ink roller cannot be evenly separated under the conditions of high contrast (that is, low dot expansion) and or on and off.
This is very important, not only because it confirms that GRACOL's color scale values ​​may be close to ideal conditions. After all, these target values ​​reflect the collective wisdom of the printing industry, but also mean lower dot expansion and constant so-called "fine" "Print tone" is not required in all cases (even when printing pictures), and is absolutely inappropriate for establishing a stable and consistent production process.
It is a very ideal situation for the printing process to become a production process. It should lead the development of this industry. Although it is still unclear whether this direction of change makes the task of the printing worker more difficult, it can certainly make the printing process better defined and enable our printing industry to stand and survive well in the future.
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