Anti-wood cracking, there is a good way!
An important drawback of wood panels is that they are easily deformed and cracked. There is a risk of cracking in both solid wood furniture and wood preservatives. Due to the characteristics of swelling, shrinkage and anisotropy of the wood board, if the moisture content occurs during the use of the wood board, the wood board will undergo wet or dry shrinkage deformation in all directions, but due to the chord direction of the wood sheet The shrinkage is much larger than the radial shrinkage and the moisture content gradient between the inner and the surface. This deformation difference produces stress when the wood is deformed. When the stress exceeds the tensile strength of the wood, wood cracking occurs at the stress point. There are end cracks, cracks, internal cracks, and round cracks. Different types of wood have different degrees of deformation and cracking, and the harder the wood is, the more likely it is to occur. Even if science develops to this day, there is no effective and low-cost solution at home and abroad that can completely eliminate wood deformation and cracking.
Here are a few ways and steps to prevent cracking:
1. Bundling: Even in foreign countries, large-sized wood is often used today to reduce wood deformation and cracking, such as railway wooden pillows, by using wire or nail control. In addition to the bundling treatment, the railway wooden pillow is also a chemical oily anticorrosive wood.
2. Reduce the size of a single piece of wood: the wood is processed into a small enough size to reduce the difference between the absolute direction of the wood string and the radial direction, and then splicing, such as finger joints, laminated timber, wood board, etc.
3. Drying; under the control of the drying speed of the wood board (to ensure that the moisture content gradient in the wood and the table is within a certain range), the wood is dried to the equilibrium moisture content range of the use environment, so that the moisture in the wood is basically balanced with the ambient air humidity environment. The moisture in the wood is basically not absorbed or lost. Generally, the moisture content of wood after cutting is about 35%-60%, the moisture content of finished solid wood furniture, floor and cabinets is controlled at 8%-12%, and the moisture content of outdoor anti-corrosion wood is controlled at 13%-20% before installation. The left and right effects are best.
4. Radial material: It is to reduce the width of the wood string direction when sawing wood sheet. Therefore, the absolute amount of deformation of the wood chord direction is as small as possible, reducing the difference in shrinkage between the two directions, and achieving the purpose of reducing cracking. This method is less applied, and is only used in high-grade materials, and the main reason is greatly reduced. The yield of wood increases the cost of the product and is only suitable for sheet metal.
5. Close the surface of the wood: Paint the surface of the wood with paint and paint, and close the wood to achieve no water exchange between the wood and the outside world. Thereby achieving the effect of reducing cracking, this method is often used in combination with wood drying. Such as indoor solid wood paint furniture. It greatly reduces the yield of wood, increases the cost of products, and is only suitable for sheet metal. Indoor furniture is generally painted with wood lacquer, while outdoor preservative wood is treated with weather resistant wood oil.
6. Waterproof treatment: Apply one kind or mixed type of water-repellent substance on the surface of wood board to form a relative interface phenomenon between the surface of the wood and the water droplets outside, which can alleviate the absorption of moisture by the wood to a certain extent. It greatly reduces the yield of wood, increases the cost of products, and is only suitable for sheet metal.
7. Filling wood voids: Injecting organic substances such as phenolic resin or polyethylene glycol into the interior of the wood board to fill the “gap†inside the wood, thereby preventing external moisture from entering, overcoming the deformation and cracking of the wood and achieving dimensional stability. The method is costly and is only used on wood with special requirements. Increase product costs while only suitable for sheet metal.
8. Chemical treatment: The wood is stabilized by heating, acetylation, isocyanate and polymerization. However, the treatment cost is high and various defects are present, and it is difficult to promote it in a large scale. Only used on wood with special requirements. Increase product costs while only suitable for sheet metal.
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