New results of Plant cell genome research at BGI

A research team composed of researchers from more than 10 institutions, including the BGI Institute, Wageningen University in the Netherlands, and the Chinese Academy of Sciences / Mapu Society, provided the information about the cross by sequencing and analyzing the genome of the Tarenaya hassleriana New understanding of reproductive traits and genome evolution of flower plants. Related research was published in The Plant Cell, the authoritative journal of botany.

Cruciferous plants are the largest planting area in China's vegetable crops, and are also economically valuable subjects in flowering plants, including many important vegetables, flowers, oil, feed and medicinal materials. They are used in agricultural production in China Occupy an important position. Comparing and analyzing the plants of this family with other crop species, it has important theories for understanding the origin, evolution, differentiation and classification of cruciferous crops, making full use of the rich genetic resources of cruciferous species, and cultivating and creating excellent strains of cruciferous family to increase yields. And practical significance.

Arabidopsis and Brassica crops are currently the most widely studied cruciferous plants. Because of the abundant genomic and functional molecular data, cruciferous plants have long been used as an ideal model organism for understanding the evolution of genes, genomes and traits. However, the genomic information of phylogenetic homologous species needed to infer the direction of evolutionary change has been scarce.

In order to make full use of the basic traits and genomic understanding of the cruciferous plant system, and extend the linear analysis to crops with more distant relationships, the researchers performed genome sequencing and analysis on the Cleomeceae from Cleomaceae . Cleome is a phylogenetic sister family of Cruciferae, and the differentiation of the two lineages is only 38 million years old. Cruciferae and Cleomeae have many of the same traits, but there are some important differences.

In this article, the researchers analyzed the two lineages by comparison and confirmed that the polyploid and gene replication events in ancient times and subsequent genome evolution have affected important reproductive traits. The researchers found that the triploidization of the ancient genome in Cleome is independent of cruciferous-specific genome-wide replication and genome triploidization.

Using sister lineage genome analysis, the researchers examined the status of plant development genes and confirmed that the number of MADS genes in cruciferous plants is twice that in Cleome, which may contribute to the morphological diversity of cruciferous plants. They also analyzed the family of self-incompatibility-related genes in cruciferous plants and found that the important SERINE RECEPTOR KINASE gene was derived from a pedigree-specific tandem replication.

This Cleome genome is of great significance for further research and elucidation of the evolutionary history of cruciferous plants in the future.

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