Due to the characteristics of high processing precision and high productivity of CNC machine tools, the application ratio in the manufacturing industry is increasing, which effectively guarantees the product quality and output. Purchasing a new CNC machine tool is a way to increase the efficiency of the CNC of the machine tool, and the NC transformation of the old machine tool is also an important way to improve the efficiency of the CNC of the machine tool. CNC machine tool transformation can reduce the cost of purchasing CNC machine tools and save money for enterprises. In recent years, with the expansion of the demand for various types of domestic machine tool transformation, machine tool transformation has gradually formed an industry, most of which are the numerical transformation of old CNC machine tools, and some of them are the transformation of ordinary machine tools. The problems that should be paid attention to during the CNC transformation of the machine tool are introduced as follows for your reference.
1. Cost-effective analysis of machine tool CNC transformation and update
Before the transformation of the old machine tools, the price of CNC machine tools with the same performance on the market should be investigated. When comparing the prices of the two, the delivery time should also be considered. For small CNC lathes and milling machines that are not expensive, it is recommended to renew and purchase new machine tools without retrofitting old machine tools. Because the cost of the two is similar, the savings are less, and the machine tool modification time is about 2 months. For small CNC lathes and milling machines, machine tool manufacturers generally have stock. It is a better choice for large-scale and higher-priced machine tools to carry out CNC transformation, which can not only save more money, but also shorten the purchase time. For example, a table with a size of 2000 × 1800mm, three-axis linkage, and a horizontal machining center with 60 tools is compared as follows.
2. Investigate the status quo of the machine tools that need to be modified
Not all old machine tools are suitable for CNC transformation, and a comprehensive understanding of the machine tools that need to be transformed is required.
Make correct judgments on the surveying and mapping of the machine tool's mechanical system. Good mechanical performance is the basic condition for the successful CNC transformation of the machine tool. Otherwise, no matter how good the CNC system can not play its due performance. Therefore, the machine tool should be tested for mechanical accuracy before the CNC transformation of the machine tool, and problems found can be repaired during the implementation of the machine tool transformation. If there are many problems in the machine tool mechanical system, such as the old machine tool has defects in the mechanical structure design and manufacturing, the CNC transformation of the machine tool will not have much significance.
The electrical system of the old machine tool is the focus of the machine tool renovation due to the aging failure of components. To understand the model of the old machine tool CNC system manufacturer, the number of control axes, the drive configuration of the spindle and feed axis, the power of the spindle motor, the torque of the feed axis motor, etc.
Check whether the random technical information is complete and complete. Complete technical information can shorten the technical preparation time for machine tool transformation. Among them, electrical schematics, PLC programs, machine tool maintenance manuals, hydraulics, pneumatics, lubrication schematics, mechanical assembly drawings, etc., we must carefully study. In particular, the content provided by the technical information may be incorrect, which is inconsistent with the actual machine tool. This is because some machine tool manufacturers provide general drawings of series models. The electrical hardware changes of individual machine tools are not indicated on the electrical data. This requires us to carefully check the actual machine tools to avoid mistakes.
3. Determination of CNC transformation plan for machine tools
On the basis of surveying and mapping machine tools, according to user requirements, determine the overall machine tool transformation plan.
1. The transformation plan of the CNC system
The transformation of the machine tool, first of all, is the transformation of the CNC system. According to the existing control level of the machine tool, the workpiece processing requirements, and the financial status of the enterprise, the corresponding low, medium, and high-grade CNC systems are selected. When choosing a CNC system, it is necessary to consider the products of the mainstream manufacturers. For example, foreign CNC systems can choose FANUC, Siemens systems, etc., and domestic CNC systems can choose Huazhong and Caiente systems. It should also be as consistent as possible with other CNC machine tool CNC system choices of machine tool users. The advantage of this is that it is convenient for maintenance personnel to maintain the machine tool daily; the more centralized CNC system is also convenient for reducing the types of spare parts. The choice of CNC system is based on the principle of practicality, and there is no need to waste money in pursuit of higher grades.
2. Reconstruction scheme of the spindle servo system
The old CNC machine tool spindle control generally uses DC servo or AC analog servo drive system (generally +/- 10V analog signal). According to the use requirements, the original driving device and the spindle motor can be retained, and the AC digital servo drive system can be used instead or controlled by the inverter. The original drive system can also be retained, such as a good analog AC servo drive system; the DC servo drive system can retain a good DC motor and use a new DC servo control device to replace the old drive device.
3. Transformation scheme of feed servo system
Similar to the modification scheme of the spindle servo system, according to the use requirements, the original drive device and the motor can be retained, and the AC digital servo drive system can be used instead; the original drive system can also be retained, such as the AC analog servo drive system in good condition.
4. Reconstruction scheme of closed-loop control detection device
For the induction synchronizer / ruler of the old machine tool, the circular grating and the grating ruler can be used instead. When selecting the model, pay attention to the consistency of the interface signal between the detection element and the system, the square wave signal or the voltage signal. If the grating ruler of the old current signal is retained, a conversion device from current signal to voltage signal needs to be added to match the new system, because most of the new system does not support current signal.
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