Japanese researchers have recently observed very tiny organs such as mitochondria in living cells for the first time in the world using a newly developed microscope.
Researchers at the Japan Atomic Energy Research and Development Agency and Nara Women ’s University say that the new microscope they jointly developed is called “laser plasma soft X-ray microscopeâ€, which uses electromagnetic waves with softer wavelengths than ultraviolet rays but longer than X-rays. "Without the use of fluorescent substances, a tiny structure of 90 nanometers (1 nanometer is one billionth of a meter) can be observed.
In principle, the definition of an optical microscope can only reach a few hundred nanometers at most, and the mitochondria that produce the energy required for cell activity cannot be observed. Although the electron microscope has high definition, it can only observe dehydrated and dried dead cells. "Soft X-ray" has the characteristic of being difficult to be absorbed by water, and can observe living cells with water.
The researchers fired high-intensity laser light onto the gold foil surface to create a plasma, creating a "soft X-ray." Then "soft X-ray" was irradiated to the cells cultured on the photosensitive material for 0.6 nanoseconds (one nanosecond is one billionth of a second), and the mitochondria were photographed.
The new research results will be officially published at an international seminar held in the United States on the 21st. Kato Yasaka, a researcher at the Japan Atomic Energy Research and Development Agency, said that this is a "dream microscope" that can see changes inside cells, and is expected to be used in cancer research and other fields.
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