On the translation of nouns

Seeing Mr. Wang Ding’s “My Views on Vocabulary Translation”, my monotonous emotion immediately invigorated and I felt that I had a partner who discussed this academic problem.

"I see" mentioned that the convention is the primary condition for naming, which is undesirable. Because it is a common practice, people can't help but can't find a response. I remember an old scholar who said to me that in the case where we are not sure about the phenomenon of social life, the same thing is said about superstition. It is without any foundation. Our ancestors left us with more than 60,000 words in the Chinese language environment. We only need to spend a lot of energy to believe that we can find a suitable destination for the imported words.

Here are a few examples to illustrate the principle that convention is not desirable. I remember when I was a child when I was living in the British Concession in Shanghai, I called cement cement at the time and called it cement for decades. After the end of World War II, I changed my name to Yang Hui and called it more than a dozen years. By the 1960s, I decided to call cement. This is the title that does not conform to the Chinese norm and can be formulated as a period of time. It will sooner or later be replaced by a more scientific name. The match is similar to this. It was called from the tap water. It was an ocean fire and it was changed to today's match. To take a closer example, the resolution power is a physical concept. It is the ability or ability of the lens or film to accept the capacity. It should be translated as resolution, but I don't know when it was wrongly called the resolution of the mathematical concept. And it has been a long time since it was established. After more than five years, in the report, in many newspapers and magazines, this matter has been repeatedly talked about. Now it is gradually corrected. With this type of capability of printing plates, it should be called resistance, but for a long time it has been wrongly called the imprint rate. Now it has also been amended. The screen has been called the screen version for 50 years, and now it is called Screening. .

Therefore, there are three principles that can be applied to the translation of scientific and technical terms. That is, we should grasp the scientific nature of the meaning of science and technology, attach importance to the Chinese language environment of Chinese word environment, and also take into account the correspondence between Chinese and foreign languages.

Take the word menu, in the context of the Chinese word, you can think of it as a menu in a restaurant without thinking. However, when transplanted into a computer environment, the menu's name is not consistent with the contents of the computer. When asked about friends who lived in the United States for a long time, the menu that the Americans refer to refers to the contents of the contents of the computer. Why does the Chinese like to eat? The menu links, puzzled, according to the Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of computer editor by the People's Posts and Telecommunications Publishing House published in March 1984 in the "English-Chinese Computer Dictionary", the menu as a menu or selection list, which is consistent with its original intention. Otherwise it will not explain, especially the combination of menu and other words, such as pull-dowon menu, menu-driven method, with the menu into them, it will be confusing, this convention is worth further exploration.

Furthermore, search engines have asked what the meaning of a number of college students is. They all think that it is meaning to search for engines. It is difficult to think of the meaning of online search guides. The latest dictionary from Japan has translated search into Chinese. The search indicates that the Japanese used the Chinese more accurately. If you don't translate the search engine into search guidelines, you won't be able to agree with the original.

Regarding the coming of the World Wide Web, there have been many opinions so far. According to the American dictionary, the meaning of the WWW or the Web is referred to as the global net, translated into the global network or the global network. It conforms to the Chinese norm and enables people to understand it at a glance. It is not regrettable that the World Wide Web must be defined in order to make it universal. Because there is no such word "Wanwei" in the Chinese dictionary, it is obviously not desirable to use it to modify "net".

For interactive, if you look up the English-Chinese dictionary, you mean to interact and influence each other. After transplanting it into a computer network and translating it into “interactive”, who can really feel it? At this time, we must grasp the connotation of its science and technology, check the dictionary of too many new words, it refers to the computer and people to conduct operations in a dialogue, grasp this point, translated into "human-computer dialogue", is not it clear? It is clear and does not violate the willingness to influence each other.

Translating restructure into reconstructing or recreating is not wrong, but literally, I don't know what it means to reconstruct or reconstruct. Now this word appears in the occasion of corporate remodeling, so it is finalized as “rebuilding the enterprise”. , Made a clear statement, put it into the article, linked up and down, will not lead to misunderstandings. Finally, I talked about imagesetter and platesetter. In order to clarify the exact concept, I sent 10 overseas letters to manufacturers, university professors, authors and users of the compiled books. The information returned indicates that they are not image-setters at all, and they are completely different from the imagesetter in terms of appearance, function, and finished product effects. In fact, the imagesetter has gradually been laid off from 15 years ago. Now, it is still necessary to mention imagesetters and translate them into English. At that time, it will certainly be misinterpreted as a phototypesetter. Therefore, considering the correspondence between Chinese and foreign languages, imagesetters cannot be translated into imagesetters.

Because the “I See” article lists many terms and cannot be repeated here. This is an academic topic. Calling experts to discuss is the right opinion. I’ll invite three professors from the National Science and Technology Terms Examination Committee led by the Academy of Sciences. I came to my home for six hours and I participated in the seminars they held. I feel that the English language that is not in line with the existing Chinese environment is more serious in the contact. The key is that the reference dictionary that I hold is not enough, and Ignore the case. The Saxon and Han peoples have different thinking.

Therefore, I published on the "Chinese Science and Technology Translator" sponsored by the Academy of Sciences "How to treat the nomenclature of science and technology terms" (1st issue, 1998). In November 1999, I published in the journal titled "Language is a science and technology culture. "Pioneers of progress" (meaning that Pioneer had eaten in defeat), made clear what I have learned from long-term practice.

Regarding the crux of the existing naming problem in the printing industry, in July 1998, in the third issue of Printing Standardization, I published the title “How to Treat the Naming of New Scientific and Technological Terms”. In addition, more than 100 articles of different length have been published on this topic. I sincerely hope that those who have aspirations for reading will correct them and look forward to the opportunity to have a chance to learn from each other and find a consensus to safeguard the Chinese environment.